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L’Italia come l’Australia. Anche da noi, Matteo Salvini, vorrebbe mettere in piedi un sistema di trattamento del problema migranti simile a quello in vigore nel grande Paese agli antipodi. Un sistema che si fonda su un principio molto semplice: non arriva nessuno. Tutto è cominciato nel 2014, con una campagna sostenuta da un videomessaggio sconcertante: una scritta gigantesca campeggiava sopra un mare in burrasca: “No way, you will not make Australia home”. ‘Non c’è modo, non farai dell’Australia la tua casa’. Nella campagna contro l’immigrazione promossa dal Paese dei canguri (denominata “Sovreign Borders”) si sentiva il generale Angus John Campbell, comandante delle operazioni di sorveglianza delle frontiere dire: “Se viaggiate in mare verso l’Australia senza un visto, sappiate che non farete mai dell’Australia la vostra casa. Questo vale per tutti: famiglie, bambini, bambini non accompagnati, persone istruite e lavoratori specializzati. Non ci saranno eccezioni”.
Salvini come Angus Campbell? Può darsi, ma vediamo come funziona davvero in Australia l’operazione “Confini Sovrani” (“Sovereign Borders”) e come potrebbe (o non potrebbe) funzionare da noi.
1) In Australia arrivavano ogni anno circa ventimila migranti irregolari (in Italia ne arrivavano mediamente 150mila, scesi dal 2017 a poco più di ventimila). Provenienza: Indonesia (distante circa tremila chilometri ma con tante isole in mezzo) e Sri Lanka (quasi settemila chilometri). Di solito arrivano su barconi e pescherecci un po’ meglio attrezzati dalle imbarcazioni usate dagli scafisti nostrani che devono fare neanche 150 miglia per arrivare a Lampedusa e poco più di 1.700 per raggiungere le coste siciliane.
In base alle regole di “Sovreign Borders”, ci sono due sistemi per respingere i migranti irregolari: a) le imbarcazioni vengono fermate (con le armi) dalla Guardia Costiera australiana, agganciate e rimorchiate nelle acque territoriali indonesiane dove vengono abbandonate a se stesse o consegnate alla marina indonesiana; b) I migranti vengono presi e rinchiusi in veri e propri campi di detenzione nelle isole Christmas, Horn e Darwin. I campi sono famosi per le condizioni al limite dell’umanità e il regime di vera e propria detenzione; c) l’Australia ha messo in moto accordi con i Paesi di provenienza per il rimpatrio. Accordi che non sempre funzionano e comportano lunghe prigionie per i migranti.
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